Government
and Legal Structure
The
capital of Romania is Bucharest, and the country
is divided into 41 counties.
The
head of state is the President, who is elected
by popular vote for five years (although a second
term is permitted). This role has been occupied
since December 2004 by Traian Basescu, although
he was suspended by a parliamentary vote in April
2007. However, after a referendum on his impeachment,
President Basescu but resumed his duties in May
2007.
The
Prime Minister, meanwhile, is the head of government,
and is appointed by the President, and approved
by Parliament. Since December 2004, Calin Popescu
has been the Prime Minister. There is also a Council
of Ministers, who are appointed by the Prime Minister.
The
bicameral (or two-chambered) Parliament comprises
the Senate (or Senat), which has 137 seats, and
to which members are elected for four year terms
by popular vote, but on a proportional representation
basis. The Chamber of Deputies (or Camera Deputatilor)
has 332 seats, and its members are elected in
the same way as their Senat counterparts, and
for the same period.
The
legal system is based on civil law, and has not
accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction.
The
Constitutional Court oversees elections and rules
on the constitutionality of legislation and internal
Parliamentary rules. There is additionally a Supreme
Court of Justice, to which the President (in conjunction
with the Superior Council of Magistrates), appoints
an 11 judge panel, for three year terms.
Further information
on Romania:
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